12. Install Apache Tomcat
Tomcat is a servlet container designed by Apache to run Java HTTP web server. Install tomcat as below but it is necessary to point out that you must have installed Java prior of installing tomcat.
# yum install tomcat
Install Apache Tomcat
After tomcat has been installed, star the tomcat service.
# systemctl start tomcat
Check Version of tomcat.
# /usr/sbin/tomcat version
Check Tomcat Version
Add service tomcat and default port (8080) through firewall and reload settings.
# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permannet # firewall-cmd --reload
Now it’s time to secure tomcat server, create a user and a password to access and manage. We need to edit file ‘/etc/tomcat/tomcat-users.xml‘. See the section which looks like:
<tomcat-users> .... </tomcat-users> <role rolename="manager-gui"/> <role rolename="manager-script"/> <role rolename="manager-jmx"/> <role rolename="manager-status"/> <role rolename="admin-gui"/> <role rolename="admin-script"/> <user username="tecmint" password="tecmint" roles="manager-gui,manager-script,manager-jmx,manager-status,admin-gui,admin-script"/> </tomcat-users>
Secure Tomcat
Here we added user “tecmint” to administer/manage tomcat using password “tecmint”. Stop and start the service tomcat so that the changes are taken into effect and enable tomcat service to start at system boot.
# systemctl stop tomcat # systemctl start tomcat # systemctl enable tomcat.service
Read Also: Installing and Configuring Apache Tomcat 8.0.9 in RHEL/CentOS 7.0/6.x
13. Install Nmap to Monitor Open Ports
Nmap for Network Mapper creates a map of the network by discovering host on which it is running as well as by analyzing network. nmap is not included in the default installation and you have to install it from repository.
# yum install nmap
Install Nmap Monitoring Tool
List all open ports and corresponding services using them on host.
# nmap 127.0.01
Monitor Open Ports
You may also use firewall-cmd to list all the ports, however I find nmap more useful.
# firewall-cmd --list-ports
Check Open Ports in Firewall
Read Also: 29 Useful Nmap Command to Monitor Open Ports
14. FirewallD Configuration
firewalld is a firewall service which manages the server dynamically. Firewalld removed iptables in CentOS 7. Firewalld is installed by default on RedHat Enterprise Linux and its derivatives by default. With iptables every change in order to be taken into effect needs to flush all the old rules and create new rules.
However with firewalld, no flushing and recreating of new rules required and only changes are applied on the fly.
Check if Firewalld is running or not.
# systemctl status firewalld OR # firewall-cmd --state
Check Firewalld Status
Get a list of all the zones.
# firewall-cmd --get-zones
Check Firewalld Zones
To get details on a zone before switching.
# firewall-cmd --zone=work --list-all
Check Zone Details
To get default zone.
# firewall-cmd --get-default-zone
Firewalld Default Zone
To switch to a different zone say ‘work‘.
# firewall-cmd --set-default-zone=work
Swich Firewalld Zones
To list all the services in the zone.
# firewall-cmd --list-services
List Firewalld Zone Services
To add a service say http, temporarily and reload firewalld.
# firewall-cmd --add-service=http # firewall-cmd –reload
Add http Service Temporarily
To add a service say http, permanently and reload firewalld.
# firewall-cmd --add-service=http --permanent # firewall-cmd --reload
Add http Service Permanent
To remove a service say http, temporarily.
# firewall-cmd --remove-service=http # firewall-cmd --reload
Remove Firewalld Service Temporarily
To remove a service say http, permanently.
# firewall-cmd --zone=work --remove-service=http --permanent # firewall-cmd --reload
Remove Service Permanently
To allow a port (say 331), temporarily.
# firewall-cmd --add-port=331/tcp # firewall-cmd --reload
Open Port Temporarily
To allow a port (say 331), permanently.
# firewall-cmd --add-port=331/tcp --permanent # firewall-cmd --reload
Open Port Permanently
To block/remove a port (say 331), temporarily.
# firewall-cmd --remove-port=331/tcp # firewall-cmd --reload
Remove Port Temporarily
To block/remove a port (say 331), permanently.
# firewall-cmd --remove-port=331/tcp --permanent # firewall-cmd --reload
Remove Port Permanently
To disable firewalld.
# systemctl stop firewalld # systemctl disable firewalld # firewall-cmd --state
Disable Firewalld Service
To enable firewalld.
# systemctl enable firewalld # systemctl start firewalld # firewall-cmd --state
Enable Firewalld
- How to Configure ‘FirewallD’ in RHEL/CentOS 7
- Useful ‘FirewallD’ Rules to Configure and Manage Firewall
15. Installing Wget
wget is a Linux command line based utility that retrieves (downloads) content from web servers. It is an important tool you must have to retrieve web contents or download any files using wget command.
# yum install wget
Install Wget Tool
For more usage and practical examples on how to use wget command to download files on the terminal, read10 Wget Command Examples.
16. Installing Telnet
Telnet is a network protocol that enables a user to login into another computer on the same network over TCP/IP. Once connection etablished to the remote computer it becomes a virtual terminal and allow you to communicate with the remote host within your computer as per whatever privileges provided to you.
Telnet also very useful for checking listening ports on remote computer or host.
# yum install telnet # telnet google.com 80
Telnet Port Checking
